TRS-80 Microcomputer News - Volume 2 Issue 04 (1980-06)(Radio Shack)(US)

JUNE, 1980

THE MICROCOMPUTER NEWSLETTER PUBLISHED FOR TRS-80 OWNERS

Volume 2, Issue 4

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The following power-up sequence has
been established for the Model II computer
and peripherals.

MODEL II POWER~UP SEQUENCE

1. Be sure all system drives are empty and
all components are turned OFE If you are
not using a Disk Expansion System, be
sure the Disk Terminator plug is in place.

2. Turn on the COMPUTER (Display Con-
sole). Wait for the "INSERT DISKETTE"
message to appear. If the message fails to
appear in 10 seconds, press RESET If it still
fails to appear, turn the computer OFF,
check all connections. Wait at least 15 sec-
onds before starting over at step 1.

3. When "INSERT DISKETTE" is displayed,
turn on the Disk Expansion System (if con-
nected) and ALL other peripherals.

4. Insert the System diskette into drive
and close the drive door. The computer will
load the operating system and prompt you
to enter the date and time.

5. Before turning the Computer system off,
remove all diskettes from all drives. Then
turn off the entire system.

6. After ANY power-down, wait at least 15
seconds before turning the System on
again. Start at step 1.

Additional Notes

• You must leave the Disk Expansion Sys-
tem ON at all times the Computer is in
operation, even if the extra drives are not in
use.

• With some printers (e.g. Line Printer III),
you must use the TRSDOS FORMS com-
mand before attempting any printer out-
put. With other printers, just have the
printer on-line when you start TRSDOS.

(Continued on page 3)

TRS-80 MODEL II SPEAKS YOUR LANGUAGE!

fO&:

S*K# :

RADIO SHACK INTRODUCES THREE NEW
LANGUAGES FOR THE TRS-80 MODEL II !

FORTRAN, COBOL, and Assembly Language have been introduced for the Model II. Each
of the new languages produces an object program which runs much faster than our Level
III Model II BASIC You can now pick the language which suits your needs. Interactive
BASIC for easy writing and fast debugging. FORTRAN for scientific and formula oriented
programs. COBOL for business applications. Assembly Language if you want maximum
execution speed and minimum code.

Radio Shacks exclusive COBOL is the only microcomputer COBOL we know of which

offers multi-key ISAM (Index Sequential Access Method) files. You now have access to a

full-featured COBOL, which in turn gives you keys to the vast library of COBOL programs

which have been written and proven over the years. Our COBOL is compatible with

many COBOL programs which were written for the big mainframes! The primary

restriction is that the program fit (with overlays) into our 64K Model II.

(Continued on page 2)

Radio Shack Computer Service Contracts Available NOW!

Radio Shack has made it possible for you
to purchase a service contract for your
Model I or Model II TRS-80 directly from
your local store! Service contracts are writ-
ten for one-year periods, and generally
begin on the last day of your computers
limited warranty period.

Radio Shack is now offering three separate
service contracts:

Carry-In
Limited On- Site
Full OrvSite

(Continued on page 3)

NEWSLETTER INDEX
IN THIS ISSUE . . .

Assembly Lang, for Model II 2

COBOL for Model II 2

Computer Services NEW hours 4

Fort Worth Scene 1

FORTRAN for Modelll 2

New Languages for Model II 1

Service Contracts * 1

Software Update Department
Model I

Accts. Payable (264554) 4

Accts. Rec. (264555) 4

Voice Synthesizer Manual 2

Model II

Misprint in TRSDOS Manual 4

Software/Manual Update Policy 4

700 ONE TANDY CENTER, FORT WORTH, TEXAS 76102

Retail prices in this newsletter may vary at individual stores and dealers.
The Company cannot be liable for pictorial and typographical inaccuracies.

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Radio Shack's exclusive COBOL is a very powerful program development system. The
system includes:

TRSDOS
TEXT EDITOR
COBOL COMPILER
RUN-TIME PACKAGE
PRINT PACKAGE
SAMPLE PROGRAMS

Radio Shack COBOL features a one-pass compiler which generates object code which
can then be executed directly by the run-time package. COBOL features include full
screen formatting, Multi-keyed index sequential files, full ANSI Level 2 I/O, program
linkage and segmentation.

Additional features include:

• High-level COBOL based on American National Standard (ANSI) X3. 23- 1974

• ANSI Level 2 sequential, relative and indexed file access methods including
ALTERNATE KEYS with DUPLICATES.

• Standard DISPLAY and COMPUTATIONAL data types, extended to include binary
(COMPUTATIONAL-1) and packed decimal (COMPUTATIONAL-3).

• Full arithmetic capability, including CORRESPONDING and COMPUTE.

• Extended ACCEPT/DISPLAY for CRT control, including cursor positioning,
prompt, screen erase, input editing and special feature control.

• Interactive debug at the COBOL source statement level with address stop, single
step, and variable display.

• Undermarked errors appearing with self-explanatory messages.

• Single-pass compiler generating

ready-to-execute object programs
for fast, efficient program genera-
tion, loading and execution.

• Cross reference showing all refer-
ences to each name, designating
defining, source and destination
line.

• Efficient segmentation at the
source language level.

• Compiled object programs and the
supporting runtime modules may
be distributed while associated
source modules are retained. This
protects the source programs from
unauthorized use.

COBOL (26-4703 $299.00)

New Languages Introduced

(from page 1)

Radio Shack's FORTRAN opens up the vast
library of scientific programs to the Model.
II, as well as giving you a language which
many people are already familiar with.
FORTRAN'S ability to access machine lan-
guage routines means you can write each
portion of a program in the language best
suited to it, then link them together in the
structure of a FORTRAN program.
Assembly Language for the TRS-80 Model
II includes full Macro capabilities. Now you
have a full featured Text Editor and Assem-
bler for Model II.

Individual articles in this Newsletter de-
scribe the features of these new languages.

2

RADIO SHACK EDITOR

ASSEMBLER

The Editor Assembler package includes
five modules:

• The Editor for writing and editing As-
sembly Language source programs

• The Assembler, which reads your
source program and translates it into
relocatable object code.

®The Linking Loader, which lets you
load the assembled program(s), exe-
cute them, and save them as TRSDOS
executable files.

®The Cross Reference Facility, which
generates a cross reference listing for
your Assembly Language program.

• The FORTRAN subroutine library, for
use by the Linking Loader in conjunc-
tion with your relocatable Assembly
Language object files.

The Macro assembler allows numeric con-
stants to be specified in Binary, Decimal,
Octal and Hexadecimal. Four operand
modes are supported:

Absolute

Data Relative

Program (code) Relative

COMMON

The MACRO assembler generates 12 error
codes and 4 error messages.

(Continued on page 3)

RADIO SHACK FORTRAN

The FORTRAN package includes four
modules:

• The Editor for writing and editing FOR-
TRAN source programs

• The Compiler, which reads your
source program and translates it into
relocatable object code.

®The Linking Loader, which lets you
load the compiled program(s), execute
them, and save them as TRSDOS
executable files.

• The FORTRAN subroutine library, for
use by the Linking Loader in conjunc-
tion with your relocatable FORTRAN
object files.

FORTRAN is a unversal, problem oriented
language designed to simplify the prepara-
tion and check-out of programs. Radio
Shack's FORTRAN includes the ANSI FOR-
TRAN language as described in document
X3.9-1966 with a number of extensions
and a few restrictions. The most notable of
the restrictions is the absence of the COM-
PLEX data type.

The following data types and formats are
available in Radio Shack FORTRAN:
Logical — "True" or "False"
Integer— -32768 to +32767
Reai-~-10**-38to 10**+38
Double Precision — 10** -38 to 10**+38
Hollerith —Literals

Arrays may contain up to three dimen-
sions.

The FORTRAN Compiler creates the Object
file and the Listing file. Its optional switches
allow you to specify Octal or Hexadecimal
listing addresses, and to generate object
files which are structured for loading into
ROMs.

The compiler will document 36 different
types of fatal errors and 34 warning con-
ditions. In addition to these errors dur-
ing compilation, there are 14 runtime
warnings and 1 1 fatal runtime errors.

The FORTRAN subroutine library includes
arithmetic functions for operations be-
tween data types and for data conversions,
as well as 45 single and double precision
mathematical functions.

Model II FORTRAN (26-4701 $299.00)

REVISED MANUAL AWAILABLE

A newly revised manual is now available
for owners of the VOICE SYNTHESIZER
(26-1180). The new manual has an ex-
panded section on programming hints as
well as a one-thousand word dictionary i
Order from your local Radio Shack store or
dealer ($1.50). See page 4 for details on
enhanced manuals.

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Preferred Ctcstc

Your TRS-80 can be "trained" to respond to as many as 32
different words or phrases using Radio Shack's TRS-80 VOXBOX®.

Connects directly to 16K Level II
keyboard

50

was 169.95
in RSC-3

Now that your TRS-80 can recognize you, it will be eager to respond to your
every wish and whim. Your experiments with "voice recognition" program-
ming may lead you to new heights in creativity The TRS-80 VOXBOX comes
with a complete manual, demonstration tapes and programming hints.
VOXBOX, Cat. No. 26-1181 Sale $119.95

Tired of being chained to a printer or video display to get
the results of your latest programming effort?

Let your TRS-80

"speak its mind."

was 399.00 in RSC-3

Connects directly
to TRS-80 Level I
or Level II keyboards
16K preferred

Program your TRS-80 to speak using electronically "synthesized"
speech projected through a built-in speaker. Your TRS-80 will be
capable of producing 60 different phonemes, more than enough
for English and some foreign languages! Comes complete with
an expanded manual which includes extensive programming
tips, as well as our new thousand word vocabulary.
Voice Synthesizer, Cat. No. 26-1180 Sale $299.00

NO

on a TR

Friction F
Printer

Was

$129

in Catalog RSC-2

Limited
Quantities

Connects directly to

TRS-80 Level II keyboard

with special cable

(not included)

Perfect for education or home use! It's a medium-speed 5x7 dot matrix impact line
printer that uses roll or fanfold paper, producing one or two carbon copies. Print
density is hardware variable from 10 to 16.5 characters per inch. Prints 132
characters per line maximum at 21 lines per minute. Long-lasting continuous-loop
cloth ribbon. A roll-paper holder is included. Requires Level II and Printer Interface
Cable or Expansion Interface and Printer Cable. U.L. Listed.

Friction-Feed Line Printer, Cat. No. 26-1150 Sale 960.00

Printer Cable for EL, Cat. No. 26-1401 39.00

Printer Interface Cable, Cat. No. 26-1411 59.00

Fast Delivery ORDE!

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Including keyboard cable

Was $599 in
Jan. 1978 Newsletter.

Case styles may vary

Limited Quantities

This printer will produce a copy of whatever is on your video screen — including graphics
— in only two seconds! It will operate on a Level I or Level II system, with or without
Expansion Interface. (See your salesperson for special Expansion Interface cable.)
Aluminized paper will not fade and is not affected by heat or light.

Screen Printer, Cat. No. 26-1151 Sale $199.00

Aluminized Paper, item No. ACP-oooi Pkg. of 3 rolls/$14.95

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Model 1 So:

GAME PACK I

for 4K Level I
includes:
Checkers

• Hammurabi

• Draw

• Star Pilot

• Space Taxi

• Random Tic-Tac-Toe
26-1805 $19.95

MICROMOVIE

for 4K Level I and Level II

Features:

© Full screen editing

@ Pictures saved on tape

• Combine Pictures to
make Movies

• Speed Control

• Much more

26-1903 $9.95

INVASION FORCE

for 16K Level I or Level II

• Hyper Drives

• Ion Drives

• Short and Long range
scanners

• Deflectors

• Triton Missiles

• Antimatter Pods

• Experimental Ray
26-1906 $14.95

CASINO GAMES
PACK

for 16K Level II
includes:

• Craps

• Keno

• Slot Machine

• Roulette

• Wheel of Fortune

• Baccarat

Full of graphics and

excitement!

264806 $19.95

PAYROLL for 4K Level I

• Quarterly Update

• Payroll Update

© Video display of amounts
•11 employees in 4K!
26-1501

$19.95

I.Q. BUILDER for 4K Level I or Level II
Build your problem solving abilities and test tak-
ing skills! Ideal for students! Covers Analogies,
Number Series, Synonyms, and Antonyms.
26-1706 $29.95

MICROMARQUEE for 4K Level I or Level II

Use your TRS-80 to get your message across!

Features easy editing, up to 254 characters in a

constantly moving display that always attracts

attention.

26-1904 $4.95

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Service Contracts (from page n

The carry-in contract provides you with one year's service, parts and labor. Simply bring
your computer to your local Radio Shack store and the store will ship it (no charge to you)
to the service center. When the computer has been repaired, it will be returned (no
charge) and you pick it up at the store where you left it. Part of the service provided by the
contract is priority handling at the service centers.

The limited on-site service contract, good for one year, provides you with the following:

Installation

One preventive maintenance call

Two remedial service calls including mileage, parts, labor and expenses.

In addition to the above, the contract also provides an UNCONDITIONAL guarantee on
the following components (calls on these items will not count as one of the contracted
service calls):

Video display tube (CRT)

All interconnecting cables

Internal power supplies (CPU & Disks)

The full on-site service contract provides you with:

Installation

Two preventative maintenance calls

Unlimited remedial service calls including mileage, parts and labor performed
during normal business hours, excluding weekends and holidays.

Note: If your computer has already been installed we will come to your location, inspect
the equipment, and make sure that your equipment is operating properly If your
equipment happens to be out of warranty ~~

there may be some additional charges to
put it in like-new condition.
Model I equipment can be covered under a
full on-site contract provided there is over
$3000 (retail value) in computer equip-
ment at the one location or address for
which on-site service is desired, and the
equipment does not contain non-Radio
Shack modifications.

Contact your local Radio Shack store for full
service prices.

The basic Limited on-site service contract is
$500. This covers either the 26-4001 (32K
Model II) or 26-4002 (64K Model II) and
one of the following printers:

26-1150 Line Printer I (Friction)
26-1152 Line Printer I (Tractor)
26-1154 Line Printer II
26-1156 Line Printer III

If your system contains other Model II
equipment, or if you have a different
printer, check with your local Radio Shack
for additional information.

On-site rates assume that the equipment is
located within 50 miles of the center of the
metropolitan area where on-site service
is offered, and that the equipment is
easily accessible. Check with your local
Radio Shack (or call J. P. Morgan at
1-800-433-5502 outside Texas or
1-817-390-3801 inside Texas) for a quota-
tion on contracts which do not meet these
requirements, or for information on ser-
vice contracts for schools.

Model II Edit/Assm (from page 2)

Optional switches allow you to specify
Octal or Hexadecimal listing addresses,
force generation of a cross reference, and
assemble either 8080 or Z80 mnemonics.

Further, the Assembler has full Macro
capabilities, including conditional assem-
bly

The FORTRAN subroutine library includes
arithmetic functions for operations be-
tween data types and for data conversions.

For addition and subtraction the arithmetic
routines permit operations between the fol-
lowing data types:

ARGUMENT

ARGUMENT

1TYPE

2 TYPE

REAL

INTEGER

REAL

REAL

DOUBLE

INTEGER

DOUBLE

REAL

DOUBLE

DOUBLE

For multiplication, division and exponenti-
ation routines are included which permit
operations between two INTEGER argu-
ments.

Model II Editor/Assembler

(26-4702 $199.00)

LEVEL I CHECK DATA FILE

1 REM * CHECK FILE KEN MELSHA

10Y=1:N = O:CLS

30 P. "IS THIS THE FIRST CHECK OF ";

40 IN/THE PERIOD";B

50IFB = 0T. 130

60 CLS:IN. "DATE OF CHECK";B$

80 IN. "CHECK NUMBER";A

90 IN. "AMOUNT OF CHECK";X
100 P."WHAT WAS THE CHECK";
110IN."WRITTENFOR";A$
120 G. 340

130 P."HOW MANY CHECKS ARE ";
140IN."NOWONF!LE";R
150 P.'PRESS THE RECORDER'S ";
160 IN."'PLAY' KEY THEN ENTER 1";E
170 CLS: P. AT 64,"DATE","CHECK NO.",
190 P. "AMOUNT", "REASON"
200 T =
210F.C = 1 TOR
220 IN.# B$,A,X,A$
230 P. B$,A,X,A$
240T = T + X
250 N.C
260P."NUMBER OF CHECKS ON

FILE = ";C-1
280 P.'TOTAL AMOUNT OF

CHECKS = "*T
300 IN."ENTER 1 FOR NEW CHECK

DATA";E
310CLS:IFE = 1 T.60
330G.410

340 P. "PRESS 'RECORD' and 'PLAY'";
350 IN." KEYS, THEN ENTER 1";E
360 P.# B$;",";A;",";X;",";A$
370 P."DATA RECORDING COMPLETE"
380 P."FOR MORE DATA ENTER 1, ";
390IN."0TOSTOP";E
400IFE = 1 T.60
410 END

Fort Worth Scene (from page n
@ Just BEFORE you change any diskette in
any drive, you MUST execute the "I" com-
mand. (Under TRSDOS, type T* and EN-
TER. Under BASIC, type 'SYSTEM'!" and
ENTER.')

Please note that this last item is a departure
from previously published methods
(TRSDOS manual 2/46). It is especially im-
portant in BASIC that the SYSTEM"!"
command be used BEFORE you change
diskettes and not after.

i

Mail to: Radio Shack, Dept. MNA-002
1300 One Tandy Center
Fort Worth, Texas 76102

Send me information on:

□ Model II COBOL

□ Model II FORTRAN
D Model II Editor/Assembler

NAME

ADDRESS .
CITY

STATE

.ZIP.

'I
§
1
1
I
I
I
1

1

I

s
— I
I

MICROCOMPUTER MEWS
700 ONE TAMBY CENTER
FORT WORTH, TEXAS 76102

BULK RATE
U.S. POSTAGE

PAID

Radio Shack
A Div. of Tandy Corp.

IF PMDELI¥ERABLE BO MOT KETURN

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POLICY STATEMENT
ON ERRORS IN TRS-80
PROGRAMS AND MANUALS

We publish corrections to software pack-
ages in the newsletter in order to get infor-
mation to you as quickly as possible. Ibu
can make the correction yourself, or you
may choose to visit your local Radio Shack
store, verify that you are the owner of the
program (some type of proof will be re-
quired), and have them order a corrected
copy for you. In some cases, there may be
a nominal charge. If we enhance a pro-
gram or manual there will be a charge for
the enhanced version. If you need a cor-
rected copy of a program or manual, con-
tact your local Radio Shack store or dealer.

Model I Accounts Payable
(26-1554)

We Goofed! Somewhere between our pro-
grammer and the printer we left out the fact
that while 26-1554 will run in 32K in either
of the TWO disk configurations, it requires
48K of memory for the THREE disk set-up

Rounding problem in Model I
Accounts Payable (26-1554)

Version 1.2 is correct. Earlier versions have
an intermittent rounding problem.

COMPUTER SERVICES ADDRESS
AND PHONE NUMBERS

New phone hours!
8AM to 7PM Central time

Computer Services
900 Two Tandy Center
Ft. Worth, Texas 76102

1-800-433-1679 (WATS Except Texas)

1-800-772-5914 (WATS Inside Texas)

1-817-390-3583 (Switchboard)

The error can be eliminated by making the
change indicated.

In the program INVOICE, change line 350
from:

350N# = VAL(IN$):

W# = ABS(N#)*100:V$ = "":
X = W#/D1#:W# = W#-X*D1#:
V$ = V$ + CHR$(X-(N#<0)*128):
X - W#/D2#:W# = W# - X*D2#:
V$ = V$ + CHR$(X):X = W#/D3#:
W# = W#-X*D3#:

V$ = V$ + CHR$(X) + CHR$(W#):
RETURN

TO:

350N#-VAL(lN$):

W# - ABS(N#)*1 00:V$ - "":
X = w#/D1#:W# = W#-X*D1#:
V$ = V$ + CHR$(X-(N#<0)*128):
X - W#/D2#:W# = W# - X*D2#:
V$ - V$ + CHR$(X):X = W#/D3#:
W# = FIX(W#-X*D3#):

V$ = V$ + CHR$(X) + CHR$(W#):
RETURN

Be certain that you SAVE a copy of the
corrected program.

Model I Accounts Receivable
(26-1555)

The Accounts Receivable program has the
same problem just described for Accounts
Payable. Version 1.4 is current and correct.
To correct the problem in earlier versions,
ADD the following line to the program
"ENTRANS":

1365W# = FIX(W#)

Be certain that you SAVE a copy of the
corrected program.

A further minor problem exists in Accounts
Receivable versions 1.0 to 1.2. This effects
the way multi-page statements are printed.

The subtotal from the previous page prints
one line too far up on the page. However,
the top of the following page is begun cor-
rectly

This problem is corrected by changing line
2820 in the "PROCESS" program from:

2820 LPRINTLE$:POKE1 6425,1:
LF = 7-PEEK(16425):
GOSUB1590

TO:

2820 LPRINTLE$:POKE1 6425,0:
LF-7-PEEK(16425):
GOSUB1590

This modification has been fully tested on
line printers I and III. It does not affect other
functions of the system. Be certain to SAVE
a copy of the corrected program.

Misprint in the Model II manual

In the Model II Owner's Manual, page 0/2
of the TRSDOS section, the instructions for
multi-disk FORMATting of diskettes are in-
correct. If you are using Model II with
multi-disk, follow the instructions given in
the TRSDOS manual on pages 3/6 and 3/7.
Page 0/2 reads:

FORMAT :1 ID = {TRSDOS,
PW= PASSWORD, FULL}

It should read:

FORMAT :1 {ID = TRSDOS,
PW= PASSWORD, FULL}